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CR 301U Introduction to Conflict Resolution (4)
Introduces conflict resolution studies. Explores both the nature of conflict and our understanding of what resolution seeks to achieve. Emphasizes strategies students currently employ toward resolving conflict in their own lives, with suggestions and examples that broaden their understanding of what is possible. Small groups, simulated conflict situations, role plays, and examples from community service provide students with the opportunity to both better understand their own strategies and develop new ones.
CR 302U Intro to Peace Studies (4)
Survey of history, practice, and components of peace, philosophically and strategically. Examines negative peace, positive peace, and the use of force. Structural violence and innate human responses to danger examined, along with religious and political approaches. Peace arts, peace processes, and peacemaking studied in light of ancient and modern conflict.
CR 399U Intro to Nonviolence (4)
Defines and describes nonviolence from the transpersonal to transnational, looks at success and failure case studies, and works through a range of proposed theoretical elements of the theories involved. Focuses on the stories and what they show from various cultures over the past century in the US and around the world.
CR 399U Ecology of War & Peace (4)
Looks at environmental effects of waging and preparing to wage war, natural resource drivers to war, and what an ecology of peace would look like and what it would accomplish. Conceptually, what is a more thorough and accurate cost-benefit analysis of methods of nation-state conflict management, using the US as the case example?
CR 407/507 Understanding Transformative Mediation (2)
The concept of "Transformative Mediation" presented by Folger and Bush in 1994 in The Promise of Mediation represents a significant critique of the settlement model of mediation and suggests what the authors consider to be an entirely distinct approach to working with parties in conflict. This interactive and experiential course will analyze the "transformative" model, deconstruct its philosophical framework, and work with it in role plays. Particular attention will be paid to the role of the mediator and its effect on the mediation process. Prerequisite: CR 524 (Advanced Mediation), completion of a 30 hour basic mediation skills training, or permission of the instructor.
CR 407/507 Ombudsmen and the Conflict Resolution Continuum (2)
This course examines the history and development of the Ombudsman and its place in Conflict Resolution practice. It consists of lectures, guest speakers, group and small group discussions, and other interactive class activities.
CR 407/507 Academic Writing (1)
Graduate work requires a significant amount of what is commonly described as academic writing. This class is designed to instruct students about just what that means, and how to adapt their own writing to the requirements of PSU in general, and the expectations of the academic world in general. To that end, we will use the papers you write in your other classes for this class. There is no extra writing required for this class, however you MUST provide the instructor with an electronic copy of 1-2 pages of writing on the day prior to each class to receive full credit.
CR 407/507 Enmification: The Art and Consequence of Enemy Making (1)>
This one credit course will explore our fascination with the making of enemies from personal, social, economic and political perspectives. We will consider the various influences that contribute to a climate of ready hatred, considering the role of media, the nature of fear, and the cultural institutions that perpetuate systemic other-ification. We will also assess the ramifications of these practices, challenging ourselves to create alternatives methods of discerning safety and regarding humanity.
CR 407/507 What's Love Got To Do With It?: Love and Conflict Resolution (1)
This course will delve into the practical and mystical world of love to explore its
relationship to the resolution of conflict. Reading, simulation, mediation and meditation will provide students access to the deep inner wisdom that drives the transformational process.
CR 407/507 Nonviolence in America (2)
This two-credit seminar will look at the historical record of the evolution of the philosophies and practices of nonviolence in US North America. We stress history, personalities, internal and external influences, and the development of mass movements as well as the small groups that often inspired those movements. From the colonial Quakers seeking to practice religious freedom, nonviolence and abolish slavery, to women seeking the vote to labor seeking bargaining rights to pacifists objecting to war to human rights workers, the US has a rich, unique history of the development and exercise of nonviolent power in affecting public policy and national social norms.
CR 407/507 Nonviolent Response to Terrorism (2)
Examination of potential responses to acts or threats of terrorism from nation-states and civil society. Sanctions, persuasion, negotiation and diplomacy are explored as alternatives to violence. Examples of success and comparison of costs help prepare students to consider critical ranges of possibilities.
CR 407/507 Evil and CR (2)
What do we mean when we employ the term evil? This course explores the way in which the breakdown in dialogue surrounding this question has led to a mythologization and dehumanization of those who we view as "evil doers". We see this unthinking use of the term "evil" daily in political rhetoric. This creates a dangerous "us and them" dichotomy, which makes reconciliation across cultures and viewpoints nearly impossible. This course aims to inquire into how we can rehuminize experiences that we do not understand, and through coming to an understanding of the social, historic, and economic forces that lead to what we consider "evil." The goal is to learn to engage the problem in a more productive way.
CR 407/507 Creating a Peace System (2)
Examines the difference between a war system and peace system, defines a system, and explores subsystems that are components of a peace system. Determines how to help subsystems move toward peace. Some subsystems: politics, law enforcement, media, religion, family, community, civil society, education, economics.
CR 407/507 Peace Journalism (2)
This course surveys the history, role, and competencies involved in alternative
media promoting peace. The primary focus is on US media with some global
attention. Students will learn to produce articles, commentary, reviews and to
edit. The successful student will research a peace-related question and produce
publishable pieces of writing, and will edit other students' writing. Basic
journalism concepts will be covered and students will understand the system of
journalism in the US.
CR 410/510Nonviolence (4)
Designed to acquaint students with the theories and history of nonviolence from ancient times to the present, with some speculation as to future use.
CR 410/510 Reconciliation Processes (4)
This class explores the various dimensions involved in the process of reconciliation between individuals, groups and societies. Reconciliation is a dimension of conflict resolution that is essential to lasting peacemaking processes and peacebuilding process. While some forms of conflict resolution focus primarily on settlement of disputes or structural change in societies, reconciliation attends to the deeper underlying issues that continue to divide people often long after a settlement is reached. Reconciliation is seen as a long-term process, which provides healing to the various parties involved. Topics to be covered include the evolution of historical wounds, memory, accountability, acknowledgment, restitution, forgiveness and truth. Case studies will provide a focal point for class discussions and analysis.
CR 410/510 Gender and Conflict (4)
This class is designed to explore the social construction of gender and how it impacts our participation in and perception of conflict. Investigation of psychological theories of development, violence and aggression, communication styles, culture, societal structures, conflict resolution paradigms and war and peace will all be analyzed through this lens. Constructs around power and participation will also be considered in this context as they relate to all of the above issues . In this capacity, the class will challenge stereotypes and the us/them quality that exists in much of the discourse on sex and gender. Class will be a combination of lecture, discussion and experiential activities.
CR 410/510 Peacekeeping, Peacemaking, and Peacebuilding (4)
As various aspects of ever increasing international peace systems emerge, many activities have been developed as integral components of the building blocks for peace intervention strategies. Peacekeeping, peacemaking and peacebuilding activities all focus on differing yet intertwined dimensions of these extremely complicated processes. This class will focus on these multiple layers of international peace work and provide an opportunity for both analysis and critique of the multiple practices and systems involved.
CR 410/510 Advanced Intercultural Conflict Resolution (4)
This course is designed for students who have already had a basic grounding and training in intercultural conflict resolution processes. The purpose of this class is to go more deeply into the issues that inform intra and intercultural conflict. From this perspective, the class will consist of a great deal of dialogue and personal exploration around these issues. A deeper consideration of these issues as they apply to particular cultures will also be a component of this class. Because the nature of this work is such that only so much can be learned from the "laboratory" of the classroom and theoretical readings, this class will develop largely from what you bring to it.
CR 410/510 Intergroup Dialogue (4)
This class is intended to be an exploration of both the theory and practice of dialogue as a tool for dealing with inter-group conflict. Dialogue is an intentional process, which is different from other forms of group process in a variety of ways. The class will be an in depth exploration of this practice on both the level of content and process. In this capacity, the class itself will be held in a dialogic format where students have an opportunity to both experience dialogue and also develop skills in designing and facilitating dialogue sessions.
CR 410/510 Grant Writing for CR (4)
Innovative ideas for applying conflict resolution skills and practices
likely require equally innovative fundraising strategies. This course
develops skills and confidence in conflict resolution program design,
with a strong emphasis on evaluation, and provides students with the
opportunity to develop complete funding proposals. Students will
become familiar with the process of researching and writing federal,
state and private grant proposals.
CR410/510 Peace Education (4)
This is a hybrid course that will be taught partially online and partially face-to-face (F2F). Registered students will be provided with access to the WebCT course-site, which students can log into from the WebCT home page: http://psuonline.pdx.edu. Please contact the help desk with any technical questions (503/725-HELP), and contact the instructor with any content related questions.
This course will provide students with a theoretical and practical introduction to the field of Peace Education. Students will explore the philosophical, cultural, pedagogical and curricular elements of Peace Education and, within that context, will develop an understanding of the theory and practice of effective conflict resolution education. Emphasis will be on experiential learning, engaged and reflective pedagogies, and the practice of transformation learning as tools for social change. This class is appropriate for anyone interested in educating or training children, adults, professionals, communities, or organizations about peace.
CR 410/510 Media Violence (1)
This course will explore the impact and influence that media has on cultural norms and ideals, with particular attention to the many ways that media promotes and reinforces patterns of violence and oppression. This course will introduce the concept of media literacy, inviting participants to discuss and deconstruct popular media message in film, video, television, radio, music, print and on the Internet. Course content will also present research on the correlation between media consumption and early brain development, and the connection to changes in expected and accepted social norms. Students will have the opportunity to creatively conceptualize non-oppressive media, and the class will explore means to advocate for social responsibility within the media industry. Students will become more educated consumers of their media diet, and more powerful activists for appropriate media education and direction.
CR410/510 Restorative Justice (4)
This dynamic and discussion-based introduction to the field restorative justice emphasizes both theoretical and practical applications. Within the theoretical exploration, we will deconstruct the philosophical notion of justice, and uncover the roots of restorative justice as a community healing process. Students will read and discuss current theoretical perspectives about restorative practice, and will be provided with opportunities to interview victims, offenders, and service providers about their participation in restorative processes.
CR 410/510 Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict (4)
From a conflict resolution perspective the course will entail an in-depth, interdisciplinary inquiry into leading theories and perspectives of nationalism as a determinant factor of ethnic conflict, with a view to developing an understanding of nationalism both as a general world and life view and a case-specific conflict phenomenon. The structure of conflict-prone nationalism in its recurrent and widespread appearance will be examined and assessed in terms of "causes", evolution, structural patterns and socio-political antecedents and consequences. The post-cold-war, explosive re-emergence of nationalism will also be studied in light of social change under the conditions of the post-industrial era of globalization. The inquiry will follow a two-pronged approach involving a) a critical diagnosis of the phenomenon of nationalism as a contributor to ethnic conflict and b) the development of perspectives, strategies and options for transcending conflict-habituated and conflict-oriented nationalism.
CR 410/510 International Peace and Conflict Studies: Theory and Practice (4)
From a broad international and interdisciplinary perspective the course examines central social, historical political, and human phenomena, as well as related theories, that are of relevance to issues of peace and conflict in the modern world. The causes of war and the challenges of peace are examined from multiple vantage points and theoretical approaches with a view to developing diagnostic conceptual frameworks and instruments that are credible in light of the realities of conflicts in the international setting. Sociological, psychological, political and cultural perspectives will be brought to bear in an integrated manner on the central topics addressed in the course so as to capture and analyze the multidimensional nature of phenomena implicated in international peace and conflict.
CR 410/510 Divided Societies: Cyprus (4)
This course will focus on the divided society of the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. Through in-depth interdisciplinary inquiry in conflict analysis, the study will attempt to explore 'why' and 'how' the Cyprus problem precipitated into one of the most stubborn protracted conflicts of our times. A number of factors central to the Cyprus problem will be examined, such as the relationship between public culture and conflict-habituation, power symmetry and/or asymmetry in the relationship between the rival sides, the evolution and structure of the conflict in terms of the role of domestic, 'foreign' and international stakeholders, the role of ideology etc. A parallel, complementary analysis will address issues pertinent to the development of perspectives, strategies and actions relevant to the attainment of a political settlement and of societal peace. Attention will be given to peace-oriented thought and action elaborated and infused into the conflict situation over the years by a multiplicity of agents at the citizen, political and international level. This study will provide ample opportunities for comparison and contrast with other divided societies and the search for resolutions.
CR 410/510 The European Union as a Peace Building System (4)
This is an interdisciplinary course that focuses on the European Union as a trans-national, trans-ethnic system of conflict-resolution. In the context of globalization and socio-economic and cultural change, the European Union is examined by contrasting its past nationalist conflicts to its post-war efforts at building a system of peace and security that transcends ethno-national, state centralism. The relationship between national interest and the interest of peace is critically examined in light of the European Union model as a historically novel system of governance. Institutions of co-operation and instruments of resolving disputes and building consensus within the European Union are assessed from the perspective of peace and security issues. The rising, but yet unformed, European Union culture is explored in relation to group identity, ethnicity and peace. The relevance of the European Union is examined in the context of process and challenges of globalization.
CR 410/510 Neighbors and Enemies: Greeks and Turks (4)
From the perspective of conflict resolution and peace studies, this course focuses on the relationship between Greece and Turkey as a case of two neighboring societies and states that have traditionally interacted as enemies. This relationship is examined from an interdisciplinary perspective, exploring the ways in which history and conflict have shaped and conditioned culture, politics and perceptions in the respective societies. Emergent patterns are compared and contrasted to other states and societies that have been or are in conflict. Other regions of conflict that interest class participants will be integrated in the course within a comparative framework. Recent efforts at rapprochement between Turks and Greeks are also examined in light of emerging factors and opportunities that may facilitate a new orientation toward peace and reconciliation.
CR 410/510 The Ethics of Peace and International Conflict (4)
This interdisciplinary course will entail a stepping back from the historical and concrete details of conflict and alienation on the one hand, and reconciliation and peace on the other, in an attempt to critically reflect on relevant foundational ethical issues regarding peace and conflict. By drawing from various disciplines, ethical questions will be raised regarding violence, neighborliness, war, freedom, power, peace, in relation to "human nature." Phenomena common to the realm of human conflict, such as the reliance on power as a means of securing life and society, the shedding of blood as a means of liberation, justice, democracy etc. are examined in light of the ethics of peace and conflict. The course will engage participants in critical reflection on the capacity or weakness of the human spirit to transcend the "tyranny of circumstances," to probe the existential realities of conflict and to consider peace as a vital function of human freedom, justice, democracy, hope and meaning.
CR 410/510 Peace, Conflict, and Globalization (4)
From a conflict resolution and peace studies perspective the course will examine how the phenomenon of globalization creates new conditions for understanding conflict and consequently poses new challenges for building peace. The factors which create conditions of globalization such as the evolution of technology, modern economies, communication systems, and the like, will be analyzed from the vantage point of how they impact social, political and human conditions. How these conditions contribute to or deter violent conflicts, or how they undermine or enhance the quest for peace will be central to the work in this course. By looking at how the phenomenon of globalization has changed the structure and framework of societies, the course will revisit central issues that bear on conflict and peace, such as democracy and political governance, belief systems, individual and group identity. The study will be interdisciplinary in approach and content.
CR 410/510 Conflict and Dialogue (4)
The course will explore the impact of conflict on the communication process, especially focusing on how conflict conditions the stake holders' respective mode of interpreting and attributing meaning to events, behaviors and actions. In comparative contrast to this, the course will also investigate the principles, nature and process of dialogue as a means of freeing communication from the constraining and skewing effects of protracted conflict. Dialogue will be explored as a mode of interaction that may facilitate the resolution of conflict by opening up creative communicative processes between the parties concerned. Various theories of dialogue will be examined, while focusing on the relevance of dialogue for conflict-resolution and peace-enhancing processes in conflict situations. The course will be highly interactive, incorporating the participants' personal experiences and knowledge. Specific conflicts and will be selected and experimentally treated in the dialogical mode.
CR 410/510 Environmental Conflict Resolution (4)
What is mediation and negotiation as applied to public policy issues that affect the environment and which may fall under the laws of environmental protection? Examines roles, laws, and comparative methods of management of conflict in these broad arenas and works to identify and build competencies. Teaches toward negotiation and mediation, meaning that students can conceive of themselves as mediators or parties to conflict.
CR 410/510 Gandhi & CR (4)
Explores origins of mediation, Gandhi's contributions, and how his influences might extrapolate to our modern conflicts. Works in theories and practices of nonviolence, nonviolent communication, mediation, advocacy and elements of Gandhi's approach that were once useful and may be modified to be useful still.
CR 410/510 Nonviolence & Public Policy (4)
Exegesis of public policy driven in part or primarily by nonviolent action of civil society. Explores how these large and small issues are affected by certain types of struggle compared to others, notes the relationship between challenger demands, methods, and policy outcomes.
CR 410/510 Peace History (4)
The history of war and the history of peace are ancient and relevant. Explores the philosophies, personalities and histories of peace, of alternatives to war, and of the literature that has opposed war for millennia. Includes general anthropological and political historical texts.
CR 410/510 War, Peace & Media (4)
Media literacy in context of war and peace. Examines effects of journalism on likelihood of waging war or resolving conflict by peaceable means. Studies watchdog group reports on media bias, journalistic chauvinism, and degrees of separation between editorial and advertising.
CR 507 Mediation/Facilitation Supervision (2)
This two-credit graduate course is intended to provide supervision, skill development, peer review and support for work on actual mediation and facilitation cases. It is expected that students will bring their own case experiences to the course from the Student Center for Dispute Resolution or through practicum or internship projects. Opportunities to observe mediations and facilitations will be provided when available.
CR 510 Advanced Skills in Mediation (4)
This four credit graduate course is designed to increase the mediator's technical skills as well as deepen the self awareness necessary (including the practice of mindfulness) to work successfully with individuals and groups in difficult conflict situations. The course structure is highly interactive, integrating theory and practice through lectures, demonstrations, small group discussions, dyad and individual exercises, and a series of supervised mediations role plays with evaluative feedback. Prerequisite: CR 524 (Advanced Mediation), completion of a 30 hour basic mediation skills training, or permission of the instructor.
CR 514 Conflict Resolution in Divergent Settings (4)
Examination of the variety of settings where conflict resolution takes place. Guest speakers share their experience and theoretical insights.
Two-week Study Abroad: Cyprus in Transition (4)
The course offers the unique opportunity for a two-week program of study in the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. Participants will study, observe and experience, on location, the current state of affairs of ethnically divided Cyprus. In parallel with the formal and academic aspect of the program, students will have the opportunity to engage in experience-based learning and conduct research on different facets of Cypriot society. In the backdrop of its long history of inter-ethnic conflict, Cyprus is currently a country in transition. Its struggle for inter-ethnic peace and its recent membership in the European Union render Cyprus a concrete and fascinating case study for understanding the impact of conflict on society and culture as well as the various means, strategies and perspectives available, and at work, for resolving inter-ethnic conflict and building a peace-enhancing democracy. Direct contact with many of our local associates and organizations and universities in Cyprus will also offer PSU students the opportunity to explore prospects for returning to Cyprus in the near future to complete their practicum and/or conduct research.
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